Association Between Preoperative 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Administration Timing and Perioperative Hypotension

Int J Urol. 2025 Dec;32(12):1827-1833. doi: 10.1111/iju.70226. Epub 2025 Sep 29.

Abstract

Objectives: Photodynamic diagnosis-assisted transurethral resection of bladder tumors with oral 5-aminolevulinic acid administration improves tumor visibility but results in perioperative hypotension. In 2024, the recommended timing of 5-aminolevulinic acid administration was revised to enable oral intake 2-8 h preoperatively, thereby making it easier to adjust the timing of drug administration and surgery. This study aimed to investigate the association between the interval from 5-aminolevulinic acid administration to the start of surgery and perioperative blood pressure.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 112 consecutive patients who underwent photodynamic diagnosis-assisted transurethral resection of bladder tumors from July 2022 to June 2024. Patients were categorized based on the time between oral 5-aminolevulinic acid administration and spinal or general anesthesia induction into the control (< 4 h) and extended time (≥ 4 h) groups. The perioperative blood pressure and severity of hypotension were compared between the two groups.

Results: The extended time group comprised fewer cases of moderate to severe hypotension than the control group (38% and 61%, respectively; p = 0.039). Blood pressure was significantly higher at several time points intraoperatively in the extended time group. Further, the extended time group required fewer doses of vasopressor agents (p = 0.025).

Conclusions: An interval of more than 4 h from oral 5-aminolevulinic acid intake to anesthesia administration may reduce the risk of perioperative hypotension during photodynamic diagnosis-assisted transurethral resection of bladder tumors.

Keywords: aminolevulinic acid; blood pressure; hypotension; transurethral resection of bladder; urinary bladder neoplasms.

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aminolevulinic Acid* / administration & dosage
  • Aminolevulinic Acid* / adverse effects
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypotension* / chemically induced
  • Hypotension* / epidemiology
  • Hypotension* / etiology
  • Hypotension* / prevention & control
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Perioperative Period
  • Photosensitizing Agents* / administration & dosage
  • Photosensitizing Agents* / adverse effects
  • Preoperative Care / methods
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Time Factors
  • Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* / surgery

Substances

  • Aminolevulinic Acid
  • Photosensitizing Agents