Background: Digital health technologies play a pivotal role in stroke prevention and rehabilitation. However, variations in digital health literacy (DHL) among stroke survivors may impede effective use of these tools. Understanding DHL-profiles and their influencing factors is essential for tailoring interventions.
Aim: This study aimed to identify DHL-profiles among stroke survivors and possible associations with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with 177 first-time stroke patients (2021-2022) from the Norwegian stroke registry. DHL was measured using the eHealth Literacy Questionnaire. Cluster analysis identified DHL profiles, and multinomial regression explored associations with sociodemographic and clinical variables.
Results: Three distinct DHL-profiles emerged: Novices (26%), Cautious users (57%), and Navigators (17%). Novices exhibited notable DHL limitations, cautious users demonstrated moderate proficiency, and navigators displayed a high level of proficiency. Participants aged ≥67 years were five times more likely to be Novices compared to Cautious users. Lower education and cognitive functioning increased novice likelihood, whereas living alone decreased the chance of being a Navigator.
Conclusions: Diverse DHL-profiles among stroke survivors highlight the need for personalized digital health services. Tailored interventions, developed through co-design and addressing specific DHL challenges, may improve equitable access and enhance usability, ultimately promoting health equity.
Keywords: Digital health literacy; cluster analysis; cross-sectional; eHealth literacy; rehabilitation; stroke.
© The Author(s) 2025.