Fluorescein colposcopy-A more specific diagnostic method for detection of high-grade cervical precancer lesions than acetic acid

Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2026 Apr;173(1):138-143. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.70481. Epub 2025 Oct 6.

Abstract

Objective: To compare the sensitivity and specificity of topical fluorescein sodium (FNa) to acetic acid (AA) for the detection of high-grade cervical lesions in colposcopy.

Materials and methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted between January and November 2017 at Christus Muguerza Hospital Conchita in Monterrey, Mexico. 78 women between 18 and 65 years age with a documented abnormal cervical smear test were included. Colposcopy by independent application of 5% AA and 0.06% topical FNa was performed and biopsy obtained for each woman.

Results: 68 (87%) women tested positive with FNa, while 10 (13%) tested negative. Biopsy demonstrated high grade cervical lesions in 31 of the FNa positive but none of the FNa negative women. FNa staining demonstrated 100% sensitivity, 21% specificity, 46% positive predictive value (PPV), and 100% negative predictive value (NPV) to detect high-grade lesions. In comparison, acetic acid staining demonstrated 100% sensitivity, 9% specificity, 42% PPV, and 100% NPV.

Conclusion: FNa had a 133% higher diagnostic specificity than AA (21% vs. 9%) for high-grade lesions at a comparable cost and convenience. Visual inspection with FNa has the potential to replace visual inspection with AA in low-resource settings, thus enabling true "diagnose and treat".

Keywords: cervical cancer screening; colposcopy; fluorescein sodium; high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions; see‐and‐treat; visual inspection with fluorescein sodium.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Acetic Acid* / administration & dosage
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Colposcopy* / methods
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Fluorescein* / administration & dosage
  • Humans
  • Mexico
  • Middle Aged
  • Precancerous Conditions* / diagnosis
  • Precancerous Conditions* / pathology
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prospective Studies
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Uterine Cervical Dysplasia* / diagnosis
  • Uterine Cervical Dysplasia* / pathology
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms* / diagnosis
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Vaginal Smears
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Acetic Acid
  • Fluorescein