Fractional heat conduction with variable thermal conductivity in rotating hydro-semiconductors

Ibrahim S Elshazly; Farouq Alshormani; M Abou El Nasr; Alaa A El-Bary; M Adel; Lotfi Jlali; Khaled Lotfy

doi:10.1038/s41598-025-18621-7

Fractional heat conduction with variable thermal conductivity in rotating hydro-semiconductors

Sci Rep. 2025 Oct 7;15(1):34889. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-18621-7.

Authors

Ibrahim S Elshazly¹, Farouq Alshormani², M Abou El Nasr³, Alaa A El-Bary⁴, M Adel⁵, Lotfi Jlali⁶, Khaled Lotfy⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Basic Sciences, Common First Year, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. iali2.c@ksu.edu.sa.
² Department of Mathematics, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. falshormani@ksu.edu.sa.
³ School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
⁴ Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, P.O. Box 1029, Alexandria, Egypt.
⁵ Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Medina, Saudi Arabia. adel@sci.cu.edu.eg.
⁶ Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), 11566, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁷ Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44519, Zagazig, Egypt. khlotfy_1@yahoo.com.

Abstract

This work introduces a novel framework for analyzing wave propagation in hydro-semiconductors by simultaneously incorporating fractional-order heat conduction, temperature-dependent thermal conductivity, and rotational effects into a unified photo-thermoelastic model. Unlike previous studies that considered these effects separately, the present model couples nonlocal fractional heat transport with variable thermal conductivity in a rotating semiconductor medium. Analytical solutions are obtained using the normal mode method, and numerical results illustrate how fractional derivatives and temperature-dependent conductivity jointly reshape thermal, mechanical, and carrier wave behaviors compared to classical theories. The findings provide new physical insights into nonlocal, memory-driven, and anisotropic transport phenomena in advanced semiconductor systems, which are not captured by conventional thermoelasticity models.

Keywords: Fractional; Hydrodynamic; Photoacoustic; Rotation; Semiconductor; Thermal conductivity.