Objective: To explore the reliability and validity of the self-reported questionnaire for assessing frame glasses-wearing compliance in myopic children. Methods: The initial item pool of the questionnaire was preliminarily constructed by systematically sorting out the research results related to the compliance of myopic children with spectacle wearing through the literature review method, combined with structured interviews with 5 myopic children. First, 18 experts meeting the specified criteria were selected to conduct 3 rounds of expert consultation to optimize the item pool. Then, 5 experts with a master's degree or above and proficient in scale development methods were selected from them to conduct content validity evaluation. The item-level content validity index (I-CVI) and scale-level content validity index (S-CVI) were calculated to assess the content validity. Meanwhile, the items were optimized in combination with a pilot test (50 myopic children were selected for 3 rounds of pilot surveys) to form the final version of the questionnaire. From November 2022 to January 2023, 494 myopic children aged 10-15 years who wore frame glasses for myopia prevention and control were recruited from urban areas of Ji'an City, Jiangxi Province to conduct a questionnaire survey. For reliability analysis, split-half reliability and Cronbach's α coefficient were used for evaluation; for validity analysis, content validity and construct validity were adopted. Among them, content validity was measured with I-CVI and S-CVI as indicators; construct validity was analyzed through exploratory factor analysis, where the suitability of data was first determined by the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test and Bartlett's test of sphericity, and then evaluated using indicators including the cumulative variance contribution rate of common factors, item factor loading coefficient, and common factor variance. Results: The final questionnaire consisted of 8 scale items and 1 non-scale item. Exploratory factor analysis of the 8 scale items (KMO=0.713, Bartlett's test of sphericity P<0.001) extracted 3 common factors, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 62.565%. The factor loading of each item ranged from 0.52 to 0.88, and the common factor variance of all items was>0.5. Based on this, the 3 factors were named as three dimensions: Glasses-Wearing Habits (3 items), Extent of Glasses Usage (3 items), and Self-Monitoring (2 items). The 1 non-scale item was used to explore the barriers to glasses-wearing compliance. In terms of reliability, the Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.720, and the split-half coefficient was 0.719. In terms of validity, the S-CVI was 0.875, and the I-CVI ranged from 0.800 to 1.000. Conclusion: The questionnaire has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a standardized tool for assessing glasses-wearing compliance in myopic children aged 10-15 years.
目的： 探讨编制的近视眼儿童配戴框架眼镜依从性问卷的稳定性与有效性。 方法： 通过文献回顾法系统梳理近视眼儿童戴镜依从性相关研究成果，结合对5名近视眼儿童的结构化访谈，初步构建问卷初始条目池；先遴选18名符合标准的专家开展3轮专家函询以优化条目池，再从中遴选5名具备硕士研究生及以上学历且掌握量表编制方法的专家进行内容效度评价，计算条目水平与量表水平的内容效度指数（CVI）以评估内容效度，同时结合预试验（选取50例近视眼儿童开展3轮预调查）优化条目，形成最终版问卷。于2022年11月至2023年1月，在江西省吉安市城区招募494名10~15岁配戴近视防控相关框架眼镜的近视眼儿童进行问卷调查。信度分析采用折半信度和克龙巴赫α系数进行评价；效度分析采用内容效度与结构效度进行评价，其中内容效度以条目水平CVI和量表水平CVI为指标，结构效度通过探索因子分析开展，先以KMO检验和Bartlett球形检验判断数据适用性，再以公因子累积贡献率、条目因子载荷系数、公因子方差为指标。 结果： 最终问卷包含8个量表条目与1个非量表条目：8个量表条目经探索因子分析（KMO值为0.713，Bartlett球形检验P<0.001）提取3个公因子，方差累积贡献率62.565%，各条目因子载荷0.52~0.88，公因子方差均>0.5，据此命名为戴镜习惯（3项）、戴镜程度（3项）、自我监测（2项）3个维度；1个非量表条目用于探索戴镜依从性阻碍因素。信度方面，量表克龙巴赫α系数为0.720，分半系数为0.719；效度方面，量表水平CVI为0.875，条目水平CVI为0.800~1.000。 结论： 该问卷具有良好的稳定性与有效性较好，可作为10~15岁近视眼儿童戴镜依从性评估的标准化工具。.