SIRT1 in Aging and Diseases

J Cell Biochem. 2025 Oct;126(10):e70069. doi: 10.1002/jcb.70069.

Abstract

Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a NAD+-dependent deacetylase belonging to the sirtuin family, which regulates a broad spectrum of cellular processes through deacetylation of both histones in the nucleus and non-histone proteins in the cytosol. Accumulating evidence indicates that biological aging is associated with a marked decline in the expression and activation of SIRT1/SIRT1, which contributes to the onset and progression of various age-related diseases. Conversely, activation of SIRT1 has been shown to mitigate aging-associated cellular anomalies including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and cellular senescence. In this review, we summarize recent advances in understanding the role of SIRT1 in aging and age-associated diseases across various experimental models, and we also discuss current limitations in the field as well as potential future research direction.

Keywords: NF‐κB; aging; aging‐associated diseases; cellular senescence; mitochondrial dysfunction; oxidative stress; sirtuin 1.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aging* / genetics
  • Aging* / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Cellular Senescence
  • Humans
  • Mitochondria / metabolism
  • Mitochondria / pathology
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Sirtuin 1* / genetics
  • Sirtuin 1* / metabolism

Substances

  • Sirtuin 1
  • SIRT1 protein, human