European Resuscitation Council and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine guidelines 2025: post-resuscitation care

Jerry P Nolan; Claudio Sandroni; Alain Cariou; Tobias Cronberg; Sonia D'Arrigo; Kirstie Haywood; Astrid Hoedemaekers; Gisela Lilja; Nikolaos Nikolaou; Theresa Mariero Olasveengen; Chiara Robba; Markus B Skrifvars; Paul Swindell; Jasmeet Soar

doi:10.1007/s00134-025-08117-3

European Resuscitation Council and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine guidelines 2025: post-resuscitation care

Intensive Care Med. 2025 Dec;51(12):2213-2288. doi: 10.1007/s00134-025-08117-3. Epub 2025 Oct 22.

Authors

Jerry P Nolan^#^{1

2}, Claudio Sandroni^#^{3

4}, Alain Cariou⁵, Tobias Cronberg⁶, Sonia D'Arrigo^{7

8}, Kirstie Haywood⁹, Astrid Hoedemaekers¹⁰, Gisela Lilja^{11

12}, Nikolaos Nikolaou¹³, Theresa Mariero Olasveengen¹⁴, Chiara Robba¹⁵, Markus B Skrifvars¹⁶, Paul Swindell¹⁷, Jasmeet Soar¹⁸

Affiliations

¹ Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
² Royal United Hospital, Bath, BA1 3NG, UK.
³ Department of Intensive Care, Emergency Medicine and Anaesthesiology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy. claudio.sandroni@policlinicogemelli.it.
⁴ Institute of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. claudio.sandroni@policlinicogemelli.it.
⁵ Cochin University Hospital (AP-HP) and University Paris Cité (Medical School), Paris, France.
⁶ Department of Clinical Sciences, Neurology, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
⁷ Department of Intensive Care, Emergency Medicine and Anaesthesiology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
⁸ Institute of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
⁹ Warwick Research in Nursing, Room A108, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
¹⁰ Department Intensive Care, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
¹¹ Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
¹² Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
¹³ Cardiology Department, Konstantopouleio General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
¹⁴ Department of Anesthesiology, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
¹⁵ Anesthesia and Critical Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
¹⁶ Department of Emergency Care and Services, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
¹⁷ Sudden Cardiac Arrest UK, London, UK.
¹⁸ Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 41123621
DOI: 10.1007/s00134-025-08117-3

Abstract

The European Resuscitation Council (ERC) and the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) have collaborated to produce these post-resuscitation care guidelines for adults, which are based on the International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Science with Treatment Recommendations (CoSTR) pubished by the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR). The topics covered include the post-cardiac arrest syndrome, diagnosis of cause of cardiac arrest, control of oxygenation and ventilation, coronary reperfusion, haemodynamic monitoring and management, control of seizures, temperature control, general intensive care management, prognostication, long-term outcome, rehabilitation, and organ donation. The post-resuscitation care of children is described in the ERC guidelines 2025 Paediatric Life Support.

Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome; Cardiac arrest; Coma; Post-cardiac arrest syndrome; Prognosis; Rehabilitation; Temperature; Tissue and organ procurement.

Publication types

Practice Guideline

MeSH terms

Adult
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation* / methods
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation* / standards
Critical Care* / methods
Critical Care* / standards
Europe
Heart Arrest* / therapy
Humans
Post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome / therapy
Societies, Medical / standards