Validation and proposal of a clinical intervention cutoff in fetal scalp blood for the point-of care-lactate meter StatStrip®2

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2025 Dec;104(12):2273-2281. doi: 10.1111/aogs.70080. Epub 2025 Oct 26.

Abstract

Introduction: This multicenter, prospective observational study aimed to evaluate the performance of the StatStrip® Lactate 2 (Nova Biomedical, Waltham, US) point-of-care device for fetal blood lactate measurement and to determine the corresponding lactate value equivalent to the established intervention cutoff used with the outgoing StatStrip® Lactate device.

Material and methods: The study was conducted from August 2024 to February 2025 at two maternity clinics in Sweden and one in Denmark. It included women with singleton pregnancies (≥35 + 0 weeks) undergoing fetal blood sampling due to non-reassuring intrapartal fetal heart rate patterns during labor. Fetal scalp blood sampling (FBS) lactate concentrations were measured using both StatStrip® Lactate and StatStrip® Lactate2. The first StatStrip® Lactate measurement guided clinical decisions, while subsequent StatStrip® Lactate2 measurements were recorded for validation and establishment of a conversion equation by linear regression. Additionally, arterial and venous umbilical cord blood samples were analyzed by both ABL 800 (Radiometer, Denmark) and StatStrip® Lactate2 for validation.

Results: Blood samples from 349 fetuses were included, with 549 parallel FBS lactate samples. StatStrip® Lactate2 concentrations correlated with StatStrip® Lactate (r = 0.94;p ≤ 0.001). A conversion equation was retrieved: StatStrip® Lactate2 = (1.4 × StatStrip® Lactate) - 0.28. From 37 paired umbilical cord blood samples, the correlation between lactate concentrations by StatStrip® Lactate2 and ABL800 was r = 0.99 (p ≤ 0.001) in arterial blood and r = 0.98 (p ≤ 0.001) in venous blood. Mean coefficients of variation for lactate concentrations >3.0 mmol/L were 8.2% in fetal scalp blood and 3.8% in umbilical cord blood.

Conclusions: A fetal blood lactate concentration ≥7.0 mmol/L measured by StatStrip®Lactate2 corresponds to the established intervention cutoff lactate value ≥5.2 mmol/L measured by StatStrip®Lactate. Precision was acceptable but may be improved by using the mean of two measurements, particularly when the first result falls between 6.0 and 8.0 mmol/L. We also recommend ensuring the correct sampling techniques to minimize preanalytical variation.

Keywords: acidosis; fetal blood; fetal monitoring; lactic acid; point‐of‐care testing.

Publication types

  • Observational Study
  • Multicenter Study
  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Denmark
  • Female
  • Fetal Blood* / chemistry
  • Fetal Monitoring* / instrumentation
  • Fetal Monitoring* / methods
  • Humans
  • Lactic Acid* / blood
  • Point-of-Care Systems*
  • Pregnancy
  • Prospective Studies
  • Scalp* / blood supply
  • Sweden

Substances

  • Lactic Acid