Management of Odontogenic Infections in Pregnant Patients: Case-Based Approach and Literature Review

Pathogens. 2025 Oct 9;14(10):1024. doi: 10.3390/pathogens14101024.

Abstract

Background: Odontogenic abscesses may significantly affect maternal health during pregnancy.

Aim: This study analyzes three cases of pregnant patients with odontogenic infections, comparing them to a control group of non-pregnant women, and reviews recent literature.

Materials and methods: Between January 2020 and April 2025, 3 pregnant and 70 non-pregnant women with odontogenic abscesses were treated. Clinical presentation, pathogens, therapy, and outcomes were compared.

Results: Severe sequelae, such as rapid abscess spread and systemic inflammation, were more frequent in pregnant women, though not statistically significant (p = 0.068). Pregnant patients also tended toward prolonged intubation (p = 0.194) and targeted antibiotic use (p = 0.133). Antibiotic selection was based on gestational age, with beta-lactams preferred. Surgical interventions were more extensive, often involving multiple neck spaces. Hospitalization was longer (≥4 days in most cases) due to maternal-fetal monitoring.

Conclusions: Odontogenic abscesses in pregnancy require individualized management and gestation-adjusted antibiotic therapy.

Keywords: antibiotic therapy; dental infections; odontogenic abscess; pregnancy complications.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Abscess* / drug therapy
  • Adult
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Disease Management
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications, Infectious* / drug therapy
  • Pregnancy Complications, Infectious* / microbiology
  • Pregnancy Complications, Infectious* / therapy

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents