Clinical practice perspectives on adipose-derived stem cells and platelet-rich plasma for female infertility treatments

Abstract

Infertility poses a significant global health burden, especially in cases where diminished ovarian reserve and endometrial injury limit the success of standard assisted reproductive technology treatments. Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) have gained attention as novel regenerative tool and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) has recently gained lots of interest owing to their easy availability, multipotent characteristics, and paracrine activity. The combination of PRP and ADSCs acts better than each one individually and acts synergistically to promote tissue regeneration. This review addresses studies on the application of PRP and ADSCs in reproductive medicine, specifically targeting ovaries and uterus. In ovaries, ADSCs and PRP demonstrated potential for functional recovery in premature ovarian insufficiency, early menopause, and chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage, showing menstrual restoration, hormonal normalization, and stimulation of follicle growth. ADSC-derived exosomes and conditioned medium promoted oocyte maturation, lowered oxidative stress, improved blastocyst development, and increased embryo survival. Additionally, findings indicate that intrauterine delivery of ADSCs and PRP enhances endometrial thickness, angiogenesis, and receptivity, with reports of improved implantation and pregnancy outcomes in women with thin endometrial lining or Asherman's syndrome. Collectively, these results underscore the regenerative promise of ADSCs and PRP in overcoming various infertility causes.

Keywords: Adipose-derived stem cells; diminished ovarian reserve; embryo development; endometrium regeneration; infertility; oocyte quality; platelet-rich plasma; premature ovarian insufficiency.