Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia

Br J Haematol. 2025 Dec;207(6):2280-2282. doi: 10.1111/bjh.70226. Epub 2025 Nov 2.

Abstract

Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML) is a morphological hybrid between myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative neoplasms and is characterized by clonal monocytosis. Myeloid neoplasm-associated somatic mutations are present in >90% of patients with CMML but are not diagnostically specific but a subset are prognostically relevant. Current drug therapy in CMML is mostly palliative and not disease-modifying. Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a potentially curative treatment modality in CMML and its timing is determined by formal prognostic models including the recently developed BLAST and BLAST-molecular risk models.

Keywords: BLAST; BLAST‐mol; allogeneic; hydroxyurea (hydroxycarbamide); treatment.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic* / diagnosis
  • Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic* / genetics
  • Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic* / therapy
  • Mutation
  • Prognosis