Temporal Changes in Quality of Life in Patients With Alcohol-Associated Acute Pancreatitis

Pancreas. 2026 Jan 1;55(1):e15-e20. doi: 10.1097/MPA.0000000000002591.

Abstract

Background: Quality of life (QOL) after acute pancreatitis (AP) has been assessed months to years after the episode. Our aim was to define the QOL during hospitalization and at short-term follow-up in AP patients.

Methods: We analyzed responses to the PROMIS-29 questionnaire completed during hospitalization by 137 participants with alcohol-related AP or recurrent AP. A subset (n=63) also completed PROMIS-29 within 5-20 months after discharge (median: 11 wk). Summary physical and mental QOL T-scores were computed using a validated algorithm. T-score change from baseline to follow-up of ≥3 points was considered a clinically meaningful change. Univariate and multivariable linear regressions evaluated factors associated with QOL.

Results: During hospitalization, physical (T-score 30.0±8.0) and mental QOL (38.4±3.6) were profoundly lower than population standards (50±10). On multivariable analyses, the presence of diabetes was associated with lower physical QOL (-3.72 points) and current marijuana use was associated with lower mental QOL (-1.62 points). At follow-up, 84% participants had no change in physical QOL T-score (mean change: -2.26 points), while mental QOL improved in 80% (mean change +7.6 points). Odds of maintaining or improving physical QOL were inversely associated with body mass index (OR: 0.91/unit), and of improving mental QOL increased with non-Hispanic or Latino ethnicity (OR: 10.62) and presence of no other psychiatric history (OR: 7.14).

Conclusion: QOL is profoundly affected during hospitalization for alcohol-related AP, with persistent impairment in physical QOL at short-term follow-up. Efforts to address physical rehabilitation and mental health support during and in the posthospitalization period may help optimize outcomes in alcohol-associated AP.

Keywords: PROMIS; alcohol; pancreatitis; quality of life.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Hospitalization
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pancreatitis* / etiology
  • Pancreatitis* / psychology
  • Pancreatitis, Alcoholic* / psychology
  • Quality of Life*
  • Recurrence
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Time Factors