To address the problem of data silos in dental specialties caused by equipment heterogeneity, this study developed an Intelligent Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled dental chair platform (hereinafter referred to as the intelligent platform) based on the concept of medical-engineering integration. The platform adopts a three-tier chair-domain interconnection architecture: the bottom tier integrates multi-source sensors and standardized interfaces for automated data acquisition and linkage with hospital information systems; the middle tier provides clinic-level management and remote teaching collaboration; and the top tier employs a blockchain-based secure cloud database for resource allocation and data management. Clinical validation at The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University demonstrated that, compared with a control group from the same period in 2023, the trial group achieved a 38.0% increase in average daily patient visits (80.6±6.8 vs. 58.4±5.2, t=15.16, P<0.001), a 24.6% reduction in average treatment time [(36.1±6.3) min vs. (47.9±8.5) min, t=7.72, P<0.001], a 39.2% reduction in waiting time [23.3 (16.5, 30.1) min vs. 38.3 (28.3, 48.3) min, U=32.00, P<0.001], a 30.4% reduction in equipment idle rate [8.7% (5.1%, 12.3%) vs. 12.5% (7.4%, 17.6%), U=251.00, P=0.003], and an increase in patient satisfaction from 88.2% (1 519/1 723) to 94.3% (2 186/2 318) (t=7.26, P<0.001). User research confirmed that the functions most favored by clinicians and patients were "dental chair parameter updating and clinical data integration" [74.7% (80/107)] and "chairside display of diagnostic images" [76.8% (119/155)], respectively. Looking forward, the intelligent platform has the potential to integrate artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis and 5G-enabled multicenter collaboration to further expand its clinical applications and accelerate the digital transformation of dental healthcare.
面对口腔专科由设备异构性导致的数据孤岛问题，本项研究基于医工结合理念构建一套智能物联网牙椅平台（简称智能平台）。该智能平台采用椅域互联的三层架构：底层为牙椅底层终端，实现诊疗数据自动采集并与医院信息系统对接；中层为中层服务器；顶层为顶层数据管理系统，用于资源调度与数据管理。南京医科大学附属口腔医院的临床验证显示，与2023年同期未启用智能平台的对照组相比，试行组日均接诊量增加38.0%［（80.6±6.8）人次比（58.4±5.2）人次，t=15.16，P<0.001］，诊疗时长缩短24.6%［（36.1±6.3）min比（47.9±8.5）min，t=7.72，P<0.001］，患者候诊时长减少39.2%［23.3（16.5，30.1）min比38.3（28.3，48.3）min，U=32.00，P<0.001］，椅位闲置率降低30.4%［8.7%（5.1%，12.3%）比12.5%（7.4%，17.6%），U=251.00，P=0.003］，患者满意率由88.2%（1 519/1 723）提高至94.3%（2 186/2 318）（t=7.26，P<0.001）。调查问卷显示，医师和患者最满意的功能分别为“牙椅参数更新、诊疗数据汇集”［74.7%（80/107）］与“椅旁呈现检查图像”［76.8%（119/155）］。未来，该智能平台可进一步结合人工智能辅助诊断与5G多中心协作，拓展临床应用场景，推动口腔医疗数字化转型进程。.