Real world using dual biological therapy in severe asthma: Insights from four cases

J Asthma. 2026 Mar;63(3):389-393. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2025.2592236. Epub 2025 Nov 24.

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical outcomes of patients with severe uncontrolled asthma who received dual biologic therapy after showing only partial improvement with a single biologic agent.

Methods: We conducted a descriptive case series of four patients with severe asthma who remained inadequately controlled on biologic monotherapy. A second biologic targeting a different inflammatory pathway was added based on persistent symptoms and biomarker profiles. Clinical outcomes including Asthma Control Test (ACT) scores, asthma exacerbation frequency, oral corticosteroid (OCS) use, and lung function (FEV₁) were evaluated over 12 months of follow-up.

Results: Following dual biologic therapy, all the patients showed significant improvement in Asthma Control Test (ACT) scores, reduction in exacerbations (from a median of 9 to 0.5/year), and reduced oral corticosteroid (OCS) usage (median 9 to 0.5/year). FEV1 remained stable or improved. No significant adverse effects were noted during 12 months of follow-up.

Conclusion: This series highlights that dual biologic therapy is effective and safe in a carefully selected difficult subgroup of severe uncontrolled asthma.

Keywords: Severe asthma; biological therapy; dual; eosinophils; inflammation.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / administration & dosage
  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / therapeutic use
  • Adult
  • Anti-Asthmatic Agents* / administration & dosage
  • Anti-Asthmatic Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / therapeutic use
  • Asthma* / drug therapy
  • Asthma* / physiopathology
  • Biological Therapy* / methods
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • Forced Expiratory Volume
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Omalizumab / therapeutic use
  • Respiratory Function Tests
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Anti-Asthmatic Agents
  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones
  • Omalizumab
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized