Cognitive-behavioral therapy for post-traumatic growth (PTG) in people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): a systematic review and meta-analysis

J Ment Health. 2025 Nov 20:1-10. doi: 10.1080/09638237.2025.2585199. Online ahead of print.

Abstract

Objectives: In evaluating the effectiveness of different therapeutic methods aimed at fostering post-traumatic growth (PTG) in individuals who have experienced trauma, a key inquiry arises: Can cognitive-behavioral therapies enhance PTG in those suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder?

Methods: To address this question, comprehensive searches were conducted across the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases from the inception of these databases through 1 January, 2025. To be included, studies had to consist of clinical trials, randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental, or experimental methodologies that applied cognitive-behavioral therapy to enhance post-traumatic growth among individuals suffering from PTSD. Each study was qualitatively assessed using the Verhegen quality assessment checklist.

Results: The results showed that seven articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria, representing a total of 249 individuals and 46 couples, with a gender distribution of 47 males and 164 females. The findings of the study indicated that cognitive behavioral therapies lead to a notable enhancement in post-traumatic growth signs within the intervention group (SMD=-0.81, 95% CI=-1.19, -0.43, p=0.027). Furthermore, as the sample size in the studies increased, the impact of CBT on PTG improvement also grew (P=0.056).

Conclusions: It can be concluded that CBT-related interventions can assist individuals in achieving growth by engaging with and addressing crises.

Keywords: Post-traumatic growth; cognitive-behavioral therapies; meta-analysis; post-traumatic stress disorder.

Plain language summary

The protocol was registered in the Prospero database under the code CRD42022364467 on March 19, 2023, and the study was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines.

Publication types

  • Review