Medical Interpreting in Primary Care: Design and Validation of a Replicable Training Program

Ann Fam Med. 2025 Nov 24;23(6):507-514. doi: 10.1370/afm.250074.

Abstract

Purpose: Language-concordant and professional interpreter-mediated care improve health outcomes, but clinics often lack resources to meet these needs. We developed and tested a replicable process to train heritage Spanish-speaking employees as qualified dual-role interpreters.

Methods: Our interdisciplinary team conducted a single-group, pretest-post-test study in a community health center. Participants (137 individuals) completed a demographic survey, a self-assessment of Spanish proficiency, a formal oral proficiency test of general Spanish, a 40-hour online medical interpreter course, and pre- and post-training interpretation assessments. We used a multivariate regression analysis, Spearman's rank-order correlation, and paired t-tests to analyze the results.

Results: Of 137 enrolled, 87 completed training and post-assessment. Heritage speakers had limited ability to predict their general Spanish proficiency (β = .14, P = .003; ρ = .258, P = .003). No self-reported variables predicted baseline medical interpretation skills. After training, mean interpretation scores improved significantly (pretest 7.34 vs posttest 8.46; t(87) = 7.51, P <.001). Higher general oral proficiency predicted higher interpreting post-test scores (β = .31, P <.001; ρ = .486, P <.001), and those with lower proficiency were more likely to drop out. Overall, 72% (63/87) of participants who completed training achieved qualified interpreter status.

Conclusions: An affordable, online training program can effectively prepare heritage Spanish-speaking clinic employees to be qualified interpreters. Clinics can use this approach to meet federal language access standards and address health disparities.Abstract also available in French, Spanish, and German.

Keywords: community health centers; healthcare disparities; heritage speakers; interpreter training; limited English proficiency; medical interpreting; self-assessment; staff development.

Publication types

  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Communication Barriers*
  • Female
  • Hispanic or Latino
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Medical Interpreting*
  • Middle Aged
  • Primary Health Care*
  • Translating*