Multi-contrast generation and quantitative MRI using a transformer-based framework with RF excitation embeddings

Commun Biol. 2025 Dec 14;9(1):102. doi: 10.1038/s42003-025-09371-3.

Abstract

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) relies on radiofrequency (RF) excitation of proton spin. Clinical diagnosis requires a comprehensive collation of biophysical data via multiple MRI contrasts, acquired using a series of RF sequences that lead to lengthy examinations. Here, we developed a vision transformer-based framework that explicitly utilizes RF excitation information alongside per-subject calibration data (acquired within 28.2 s), to generate a wide variety of image contrasts including fully quantitative molecular, water relaxation, and magnetic field maps. The method was validated across healthy subjects and a cancer patient in two different imaging sites, and proved to be 94% faster than alternative protocols. The transformer-based MRI framework (TBMF) may support the efforts to reveal the molecular composition of the human brain tissue in a wide range of pathologies, while offering clinically attractive scan times.

MeSH terms

  • Brain* / diagnostic imaging
  • Contrast Media
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging* / methods
  • Radio Waves

Substances

  • Contrast Media