Peri-implantitis: Etiology, prevention and management strategies

Piyush Javiya; Seyed Mohammad Elyas Hashemi Zadeh; Neelam Chandwani; Mirella Vaz; Manish Kumar Pandit; Rashmi Laddha

doi:10.6026/973206300212753

Peri-implantitis: Etiology, prevention and management strategies

Bioinformation. 2025 Aug 31;21(8):2753-2757. doi: 10.6026/973206300212753. eCollection 2025.

Authors

Piyush Javiya¹, Seyed Mohammad Elyas Hashemi Zadeh², Neelam Chandwani³, Mirella Vaz⁴, Manish Kumar Pandit⁵, Rashmi Laddha⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, K. M. Shah Dental College & Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Piparia, Waghodia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
² Department of Cariology and Comprehensive Care, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, USA.
³ Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
⁴ Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
⁵ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shri Balaji Institute of Dental Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.
⁶ Department of Periodontics, Dr. RR Kambe Dental College and Hospital, Akola, Maharashtra, India.

Abstract

Peri-implantitis represents a biofilm-associated pathologic condition characterized by inflammation and progressive bone loss around osseointegrated dental implants, which is a major risk to the survival of the implant. The etiology of peri-implantitis as a multifactorial process that includes microbial colonization, host susceptibility, biomechanical overload and systemic factors such as diabetes and smoking is analyzed in this systematic review. Preventive measures such as aggressive oral hygiene protocols, patient education and surface modification of implants are highlighted for their risk prevention potential. Management strategies involve both non-surgical interventions-debridement, local antibiotics, and laser phototherapy and surgery, resective and regenerative strategies to the severity of the disease. Comprehensive understanding of peri-implantitis pathogenesis and evidence-based treatment is essential in optimizing implant success and patient experience.

Keywords: Peri-implantitis; antibiotics; biofilm; dental implants; implant maintenance; implant surface; laser therapy; mucositis; regenerative therapy; risk factors.