Cystathionine γ-lyase is a major regulator of cognitive function through neurotrophin signaling and neurogenesis

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2025 Dec 30;122(52):e2528478122. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2528478122. Epub 2025 Dec 26.

Abstract

Cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), the enzyme responsible for neuronal cysteine and hydrogen sulfide production, is dysregulated in aging and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease, both marked by cognitive decline in addition to motor deficits. To determine whether CSE loss directly causes cognitive decline, we genetically ablated CSE in mice. This loss was sufficient to induce oxidative damage, compromise blood-brain barrier integrity, impair neurogenesis and neurotrophin signaling, and elicit cognitive deficits. Global proteomic analysis further revealed molecular alterations that contribute to impaired neurogenesis. Our findings establish CSE as an essential guardian of homeostatic brain health and identify it as a potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative disorders.

Keywords: blood–brain barrier; cognition; cystathionine gamma lyase; neurogenesis; neurotrophin.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Blood-Brain Barrier / metabolism
  • Cognition* / physiology
  • Cystathionine gamma-Lyase* / genetics
  • Cystathionine gamma-Lyase* / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Nerve Growth Factors* / metabolism
  • Neurogenesis* / physiology
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Signal Transduction* / physiology

Substances

  • Cystathionine gamma-Lyase
  • Nerve Growth Factors