Introduction: Bladder amyloidosis is a rare condition characterized by amyloid fibril deposition in the bladder, often mimicking bladder cancer. Diagnosis requires histological analysis of the examination, and treatment typically involves transurethral resection.
Case presentation: An 80-year-old male presented with gross hematuria. Computed tomography suggested bladder cancer with pulmonary metastases. However, due to the extent of the bladder tumor, complete resection was not feasible, and only a limited transurethral resection was performed for diagnostic purposes. Pathological examination revealed bladder amyloid λ amyloidosis. Remarkably, five months post-surgery, both bladder and pulmonary lesions resolved spontaneously. No recurrence was observed during six years of follow-up.
Conclusions: This case highlights a rare instance of spontaneous remission in bladder amyloidosis. However, such occurrences were exceedingly uncommon, and systemic amyloidosis can progress to a life-threatening condition. Therefore, careful follow-up, surgical removal, or systemic therapy is essential for bladder amyloidosis.
Keywords: AL (λ) amyloidosis; bladder amyloidosis; plasma cell; spontaneous remission; transurethral resection.
© 2025 The Author(s). IJU Case Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Urological Association.