Effects of phenylephrine and norepinephrine with restrictive infusion on oxygenation during one-lung ventilation for lung surgery: a randomized controlled trial

Ann Med. 2026 Dec;58(1):2611655. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2025.2611655. Epub 2026 Jan 5.

Abstract

Objective: This study compared the effects of norepinephrine or phenylephrine combined with restrictive infusion on the oxygenation during thoracoscopic one-lung ventilation (OLV).

Methods: Ninety patients were randomly divided into three groups: the norepinephrine group (Group N), the phenylephrine group (Group P), and the control group (Group C). Arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and intrapulmonary shunt fraction (Qs/Qt) were measured with patients in lateral positions during two-lung ventilation (TLV) at 10 min (T1), and during OLV at 15 min (T2) and 45 min (T3). Lung tissue samples were analyzed for endothelin and COX-2 levels after surgery.

Results: At T3, Group P had significantly higher PaO2 and lower Qs/Qt than Groups N and C (all p < 0.05), with no significant differences between Groups N and C (all p > 0.05). Compared to T1, Groups N and C showed significantly lower PaO2 and higher Qs/Qt at T2 and T3 (all p < 0.05), with no significant differences in PaO2 and Qs/Qt at T3 compared with T2 (all p > 0.05). Group P patients had lower PaO2 and higher Qs/Qt at T2 and T3 compared to T1 (all p < 0.05), but at T3, PaO2 increased and Qs/Qt decreased compared to T2 (all p < 0.05). Lung tissue levels of endothelin and COX-2 were significantly elevated in group P compared to groups N and C (all p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Combining phenylephrine with restrictive infusion during OLV improved oxygenation by increasing PaO2, decreasing Qs/Qt, and raising endothelin and COX-2 levels in lung tissue, thereby enhancing the HPV effect.

Keywords: Hypoxia; intrapulmonary shunt; norepinephrine; one-lung ventilation; oxygenation; phenylephrine.

Plain language summary

Phenylephrine with restrictive infusion improves oxygenation during one-lung ventilation by increasing PaO2 and reducing Qs/Qt.The mechanism may involve the specific upregulation of pulmonary endothelin and cyclooxygenase-2 levels by phenylephrine, enhancing hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 / metabolism
  • Endothelins / metabolism
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lung* / drug effects
  • Lung* / metabolism
  • Lung* / surgery
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Norepinephrine* / administration & dosage
  • Norepinephrine* / pharmacology
  • Norepinephrine* / therapeutic use
  • One-Lung Ventilation* / methods
  • Oxygen* / blood
  • Partial Pressure
  • Phenylephrine* / administration & dosage
  • Phenylephrine* / pharmacology
  • Phenylephrine* / therapeutic use
  • Vasoconstrictor Agents / administration & dosage

Substances

  • Norepinephrine
  • Phenylephrine
  • Oxygen
  • Cyclooxygenase 2
  • Vasoconstrictor Agents
  • Endothelins