Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the cytotoxic effects of extracts from Galium aparine L. on HNO210 human laryngeal cancer cells regarding dosage.
Methods: Cells from the HNO210 human laryngeal cancer line (BHC11100312; BioHippo) were grown in a specific medium containing fetal bovine serum (10%, 30-2020; ATCC) and antibiotic-antimycotic solution (1%, 15240062; Gibco). The cells were cryopreserved for future use. By diluting the stock in complete medium, 7 working concentrations of Galium aparine L. were prepared: 10, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 500 μL/mL. The colorimetric MTT assay [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] was used to assess the antiproliferative effects.
Results: HNO210 cells' viability is inhibited by Galium aparine L. Cell metabolic activity was significantly reduced at higher doses, as demonstrated by the concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on viability. The vitality of HNO210 laryngeal carcinoma cells was diminished in a dose-dependent manner following the treatment with Galium aparine L. At higher doses, Galium aparine L. exhibits cytotoxic effects and may hinder the proliferation of cells responsible for the laryngeal cancer. The observed symptoms of cytotoxic stress in cells treated with the extract included reduced cell density, loss of adhesion, and pronounced structural distortion.
Conclusion: HNO210 laryngeal cancer cells' viability is reduced by the Galium aparine L. Its anticancer effects and cytotoxicity are concentration-dependent. Consistent with its inhibitory impact on cell viability, Galium aparine L. causes significant morphologic deterioration. The antiproliferative properties of Galium aparine L. make it a promising candidate for developing highly effective anticancer drugs.
Keywords: Cell morphology; MTT assay; cell viability; cytotoxic effect; laryngeal carcinoma cells.
Copyright © 2026 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of Mutaz B. Habal, MD.