Motivations, and Barriers to Choosing Nursing as a Profession by Jordanian Male Students: A Mixed-Methods Study

Abstract

Introduction: Despite the increasing global presence of male nurses, enrollment of male students in nursing programs remains low due to cultural, financial, and professional barriers. In Jordan, particularly in the southern region, male nursing student representation does not reflect national demographics or the number of registered male nurses.

Objective: This study aimed to explore male nursing students' motivations and perceived barriers to selecting nursing as a career and examine the influence of cultural norms on their decision and satisfaction.

Method: A mixed-methods study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire and face-to-face semistructured interviews with male nursing students at South Jordan. Data were analyzed to identify common motivators, barriers, and cultural influences.

Results: The leading motivator for choosing nursing as a profession was the desire to help others. The least cited reason was uncertainty about career options. The most prominent barrier identified was concern regarding salary and economic stability, whereas the least influential factor was the belief that nursing is a profession more suited to females. Participants in the qualitative component reported choosing nursing because of social expectations, its humanitarian and caring nature, job security, and financial incentives. They also identified barriers such as limited role recognition and low social prestige; however, they placed greater value on the profession's intrinsic features than on external social pressures.

Conclusion: Economic factors and traditional gender roles continued to limit male participation in the nursing profession in South Jordan. To increase gender diversity in the profession, educational institutions and policymakers should consider financial incentives, scholarship programs, supportive academic and clinical environments, and targeted public awareness campaigns that highlight the vital role of male nurses.

Keywords: Jordan; barriers; gender and nursing; male nursing students; mixed methods; motivation; semistructured interviews.