This study used UPLC-QE plus Orbitrap-MS to analyse metabolomic differences between Acanthopanax senticosus fruit (AHF) and Acanthopanax sessiliflorus fruit (ASF). 79 compounds were identified in AHF and 69 in ASF, with 47 shared. 1,282 differential factors (74 significant) involved 13 core pathways like phenylalanine metabolism, with key metabolites L-phenylalanine and kaempferol. via metabolomics and bioactivity evaluation, we revealed distinct differences in composition, metabolic mechanisms and bioactivities. AHF focuses on basal metabolism, showing cardiovascular protective advantages by regulating phenylalanine metabolism, synthesising chlorogenic acid, and inhibiting ACE/α-Ease activities. ASF centres on secondary metabolism: Eliminate photoreactive oxygen species to mitigate membrane lipid peroxidation. These metabolites synergistically activate the flavonoid pathway, maintaining membrane stability and high CAT/SOD/POD activities, enhancing antioxidant capacity. Future research may explore its potential applications in pharmaceuticals and functional foods through clinical trials.
Keywords: Acanthopanax senticosus fruit; UPLC-QE plus-Orbitrap-MS; acanthopanax sessiliflorus fruit; metabolomics; multivariate statistical analysis.