Post-TB lung disease: pathogenesis, host-directed therapies, and the C3HeB/FeJ model for pre-clinical advances

Infect Immun. 2026 Mar 10;94(3):e0052324. doi: 10.1128/iai.00523-24. Epub 2026 Feb 9.

Abstract

More than half of the people with microbiologically cured tuberculosis (TB) present with post-TB lung disease (PTLD). PTLD compromises long-term respiratory health and adds to the global burden of chronic lung diseases. Despite its prevalence, the mechanisms driving tissue damage in TB are not well understood. In this review, we discuss the global burden of PTLD, evaluate host-directed therapies as promising interventions, and highlight the C3HeB/FeJ mouse model as a powerful tool for advancing pre-clinical PTLD research.

Keywords: C3HeB/FeJ; PTLD; host-directed therapy; immunopathogenesis; post-TB lung disease; tuberculosis.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Host-Directed Therapy
  • Humans
  • Lung Diseases* / etiology
  • Lung Diseases* / pathology
  • Lung Diseases* / therapy
  • Mice
  • Tuberculosis, Pulmonary* / complications
  • Tuberculosis, Pulmonary* / pathology