Improving MRI-based differentiation of brain metastasis, glioblastoma, and primary CNS lymphoma using deep learning

Neuroradiology. 2026 Mar 6. doi: 10.1007/s00234-026-03960-7. Online ahead of print.

¹ Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
² Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated with Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated with Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
³ Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
⁴ Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
⁵ Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. 18612161210@163.com.
⁶ Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. liuyaou@bjtth.org.

^# Contributed equally.

No abstract available

Keywords: Brain metastasis; Deep learning; Glioblastoma; Magnetic resonance imaging; Primary central nervous system lymphoma.

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