Patch Test Results With the European Baseline Series, 2021/2022-Joint European Results of the ESSCAA and the EBSB Working Groups of the ESCD, and the GEIDACC

Contact Dermatitis. 2026 Jul;95(1):17-32. doi: 10.1111/cod.70134. Epub 2026 Mar 12.

Abstract

Background: Patch test results obtained with the European Baseline Series (EBS) in its current version serve both contact allergy surveillance and (re-)assessing the diagnostic value of EBS allergens.

Objectives: To present results of current EBS patch testing, obtained in 59 departments in 14 European countries during 2021 and 2022.

Methods: Anonymised or pseudonymised individual data, and partly aggregated results, on demographic/clinical characteristics and patch test results with the EBS were prospectively collected, centrally pooled, and retrospectively analysed.

Results: In 2021 and 2022, 18 832 patients were patch tested with the EBS. Sensitization to nickel remained most common (18.85 (18.29-19.43)% positivity (95% confidence interval)). Fragrance mix I and Myroxylon pereirae resin yielded very similar results with 6.39 (6.04-6.76)% and 6.5 (6.15-6.87)% positivity, respectively. Concerning preservatives, methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) 0.02% aq. yielded 5.52 (5.11-5.96)% and MI 0.2% aq. yielded 5.28 (4.94-5.64)% positives. Testing formaldehyde 2% aq. identified almost one percentage point more positive reactions than 1% aq. (2.05 (1.81-2.32)% vs. 1.22 (0.99-1.48)). Positive reactions to the recently added allergens were most frequently seen to propolis (5.47 (5.12-5.84)%) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (3.63 (3.32-3.96)%).

Conclusions: Compared to the previous reporting period, surveillance results with the EBS were mostly stable. The results regarding Quaternium 15 (0.4 (0.29-0.53)% positives) justified its exclusion from the 2023 EBS version.

Keywords: RRID:SCR_001905; baseline series; clinical epidemiology; contact allergy; patch testing; surveillance.

MeSH terms

  • Allergens* / administration & dosage
  • Allergens* / adverse effects
  • Dermatitis, Allergic Contact* / diagnosis
  • Dermatitis, Allergic Contact* / epidemiology
  • Dermatitis, Allergic Contact* / etiology
  • Europe / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Patch Tests* / methods
  • Perfume / adverse effects
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Thiazoles / adverse effects

Substances

  • Allergens
  • Thiazoles
  • Perfume