1 Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA; Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA. Electronic address: annette.k.regan@kp.org.
2 Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA; School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, CA.
3 Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA.
4 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA; Department of Clinical Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA.
5 Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena CA; Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA.