Doxycycline-Induced Phototoxicity Localized to Vitiligo-Affected and Sun-Exposed Skin

Sydney Dong; Claudine Harris; Alexandra Ly; Pamela S Lee

doi:10.7759/cureus.103789

Doxycycline-Induced Phototoxicity Localized to Vitiligo-Affected and Sun-Exposed Skin

Cureus. 2026 Feb 17;18(2):e103789. doi: 10.7759/cureus.103789. eCollection 2026 Feb.

Authors

Sydney Dong¹, Claudine Harris², Alexandra Ly¹, Pamela S Lee²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Internal Medicine, Harbor University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, USA.
² Department of Infectious Diseases, Harbor University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, USA.

Abstract

Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by depigmented skin secondary to melanocyte loss, which may increase susceptibility to phototoxic drug reactions. We describe a case of doxycycline-induced phototoxicity selectively affecting vitiliginous and sun-exposed skin, with complete resolution after drug discontinuation. This case highlights melanin's protective role against ultraviolet-mediated injury and demonstrates that patients with pigmentary disorders may be at higher risk for localized phototoxic reactions from photosensitizing medications. Clinicians should maintain vigilance, emphasize photoprotection, and consider alternative therapies with a lower risk of phototoxicity in such populations.

Keywords: doxycycline; drug toxicity; melanin; rash; vitiligo.

Publication types

Case Reports