Forecasting of global water usage in agriculture and total global consumption by using the Bi-GRU model

Sci Rep. 2026 Mar 26. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-44885-8. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Muhammad Irfan¹, Javed Rashid², Javeria Bibi¹, Shiza Amir¹, Kamal M Othman³, AbdulGuddoos S A Gaid⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Mathematics, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan.
² Information Technology Services, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan.
³ Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering and Architecture, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Department of Communication & Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Information Technology, Taiz University, Taiz, 9674, Yemen. quddoos.gaid@taiz.edu.ye.

PMID: 41888219
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-44885-8

No abstract available

Keywords: Agricultural water use; Bi-GRU architecture; Deep Learning (DL); Total water consumption; Twenty Global countries.