Glycine Alleviates H2O2-Induced Ferroptosis in Mouse Hippocampal Neuron HT22 Cells via the GlyRɑ1/USP35/FPN1 Signaling Pathway

Mol Neurobiol. 2026 Mar 28;63(1):531. doi: 10.1007/s12035-026-05814-y.

Abstract

Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, which is present in many cerebrovascular diseases that include ischemic stroke. Glycine, one of the primary components of glutathione (GSH), plays an important role in anti-oxidation, against ischemic damage, immunity improvement, and so on. However, the molecular mechanism by which glycine alleviates ferroptosis is not yet clear, especially in neurons. In the current study, we demonstrated the cytoprotective role of glycine in H2O2 and Erastin-induced ferroptosis in vitro in the HT22 cells. It was shown that glycine significantly improved neuronal survival along with suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) and upregulated expression levels of GSH, ubiquitin-specific peptidase 35 (USP35), GPX4, ferroportin (FPN1), and FTH1. Mechanically, using a glycine receptor α1 (GlyRα1) inhibitor (sodium salicylate), we indicated that glycine regulates H2O2-induced neuronal injury through the GlyRα1/USP35/FPN1 signaling axis. In conclusion, the results of the present study implied that glycine exerts neuroprotective effects by modulating ferroptosis through the GlyRα1/USP35/FPN1 axis, thereby preventing cell death after oxidative stress injury.

Keywords: Ferroportin; Ferroptosis; Glycine; Ischemic stroke; Neuroprotection; Oxidative stress; Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 35.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Ferroptosis* / drug effects
  • Glycine* / pharmacology
  • Hippocampus* / drug effects
  • Hippocampus* / metabolism
  • Hippocampus* / pathology
  • Hydrogen Peroxide* / pharmacology
  • Hydrogen Peroxide* / toxicity
  • Mice
  • Neurons* / drug effects
  • Neurons* / metabolism
  • Neuroprotective Agents / pharmacology
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
  • Receptors, Glycine* / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction* / drug effects

Substances

  • Glycine
  • Hydrogen Peroxide
  • Receptors, Glycine
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Neuroprotective Agents