1 Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy; Internal Medicine and Nephrology Division, ASL1 Avezzano-Sulmona-L'Aquila, San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy.
2 Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Danish Center for Health Services, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Cardiology, Lipidology and Internal Medicine with Intensive Coronary Care Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland. Electronic address: gregory.lip@liverpool.ac.uk.