All digital Wireless Communication (WC) electromagnetic field (EMF)/radiation (EMR) signals (from mobile/"smart" phones and corresponding base antennas, cordless domestic phones, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) routers, "Bluetooth" wireless connection among electronic devices, etc.) are emitted discontinuously, in the form of on/off pulses repeated at various Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) rates. Yet, many scientists ignore/underestimate these ELF pulsations, and characterize all WC emissions simply as Radio Frequency (RF)/Microwave (MW) signals. Here, we provide recordings of ELF pulsations with respect to time, emitted by the most common WC devices, specifically Wi-Fi router, 4th and 5th Generation (4G, 5G) mobile phones. We used a broadband antenna, connected to an RF spectrum analyzer (SA), calibrated the SA at the signal's carrier MW frequency and recorded the power of the final emitted RF/MW signal with respect to time. We recorded emissions at 10 ms, 100 ms, 1 s, and 2 s sweep times, capturing the pulses repeated at various ELF rates, clearly showing the ELF pulsing emissions from the WC devices. As in all real WC EMF signals emitted by commercially available devices and corresponding antennas, there is intense variability in the amplitude, shape, duration, and repetition frequency of the pulses. The present study, in combination with the Ion Forced Oscillation and Voltage-Gated Ion Channel (IFO-VGIC) mechanism of non-thermal EMF-bioeffects, imply that the non-thermal biological and health effects of WC EMFs are induced by the ELF pulsation, modulation and variability, and not by the standalone (non-modulated) RF carrier wave EMFs which can produce only heating.
Keywords: Electromagnetic fields; biological effects; extremely low frequency; microwaves; pulsing emissions; radio frequency; wireless communications.
Electromagnetic fields/radiation (EMFs/EMR) emitted by digital wireless communication (WC) devices (mobile/“smart” phones, cordless domestic phones, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) routers for connection to the Internet, etc.) and corresponding base antennas, are usually referred to simply as Radio Frequency (RF: 300 kHz–300 GHz) EMFs/EMR. Yet, as we have repeatedly declared before, this reflects only one part of the reality. The other part is that the RF signals that carry the transmitted information (text, speech, music, images, video, etc.) are contained within on/off pulses which are emitted/repeated at various Extremely Low Frequency (ELF: 3–3000 Hz) rates. Moreover, the RF signal within the pulses is modulated mostly by ELF EMFs, and the final signal contains random variability especially in amplitude which lies mainly in the Ultra-Low Frequency (ULF: 0–3 Hz) band. Therefore, all WC EMFs are a combination of high (RF) and low (ELF/ULF) frequencies. To record the ELF pulses, specific methodology and instrumentation are required. Here, we have recorded these pulses (as power with respect to time) from the most common WC EMFs/EMR, namely Wi-Fi, 4th, and 5th Generation (4G, 5G) WC EMFs/EMR. The present study, in combination with a widely accepted biophysical mechanism, the Ion Forced Oscillation and Voltage-Gated Ion Channel (IFO-VGIC) mechanism, of non-thermal EMF-bioeffects, imply that the non-thermal biological and health effects associated with exposure to WC EMFs are induced by the ELF/ULF pulsation, modulation and variability, and not by the standalone (non-modulated) RF carrier wave EMFs which can produce only heating at adequately high intensities rarely found in the environment.