In the present paper, it is first proposed that the acupuncture-moxibustion medicine can be divided into 2 branches, namely, traditional acupuncture-moxibustion and modern acupuncture-moxibustion, and then makes a comparative analysis on their connotations of the theoretical knowledge systems and cognitive methodology. It is believed that the conditions for the construction of the theoretical system of modern acupuncture-moxibustion are basically mature. It also puts forward that the three basic principles must be adhered to in the construction of the knowledge of theoretical framework of modern acupuncture-moxibustion, namely, to follow the attributes of modern natural science, to follow the basic findings of modern clinical and basic research, and to follow the basic characteristics of external treatment techniques. This article mainly explains the author's personal views on the construction of the basic theory of modern acupuncture-moxibustion, and puts forward the macroscopic ideal model of surface stimulation medicine on the human body, that is, the theoretical model is divided into "three-layer (three-facet) system" and "three-line network system" at the macro level. The so-called "three-layer system" refers to the peripheral tissue from the body surface to the deep layer, which can be divided into 3 different tissue layers: the superficial (upper) layer, the connective tissue layer and the skeletal muscle layer at the macro level, which mainly guides the external treatment and local treatment of acupuncture, as well as the depth of acupuncture needle insertion. The so-called "three-line network system" refers to the neural network composed of nerve tissue, the myofascial force line network composed of myofascial fascia in the connective tissue, and the vascular network composed of muscle tissue (smooth muscle) and connective tissue. The "three-line network" functions in connecting the whole body, and mainly guides the internal treatment via external stimulation, distal treatment or holistic treatment. In this paper, the tissue structure and functional characteristics involved in the "three-layer system" and "three-line network system" of modern research in recent years are integrated and refined, which is helpful to guide treatment of clinical disorders by using acupuncture and moxibustion, and the two theoretical systems of "nonlinear structure system" (three-layers) and "linear structure system" (three-line network) of modern acupuncture-moxibustion are formed. In view of the modern acupuncture stimulation point theory, several categories of acupuncture points are proposed based on the nerves, blood vessels, myofascial trigger points, skin, muscle and related soft tissues. Finally, it is pointed out that the construction of modern acupuncture-moxibustion will complement and promote each other with the traditional one, enrich its knowledge system, and thus promote the development of this subject.
本文首先提出了针灸学可划分为传统针灸学与现代针灸学两大分支的观点，随后对二者理论知识体系的内涵与认知方法学进行了比较分析，认为现代针灸学理论体系构建的条件已基本成熟;并提出了构建现代针灸学知识理论框架必须坚持的3个基本原则，即遵循现代自然科学的属性、遵循现代针灸临床与基础研究的基本发现及遵循外治法技术的基本特征。本文主要在现代针灸学的基本理论构建上阐释了个人观点，提出体表刺激医学关于人体的宏观理想性模型构想，即宏观上划分为“三面”“三线”理论模型。所谓“三面”就是指外周组织从体表到深层，宏观上可分为表（上）皮层、结缔组织层和骨骼肌层3个宏观的不同组织层面，主要指导针灸的以外治外、局部治疗，以及针刺的深度。所谓“三线”是指神经组织构成的神经网络、结缔组织中的肌筋膜构成的肌筋膜力线网络，以及肌肉组织（平滑肌）与结缔组织构成的脉管网络，三线网络则构成了联系全身的三大网络系统，主要指导针灸的以外治内、远端治疗或整体性治疗。文中对近年来现代研究有关“三面”与“三线”所涉及的组织结构与解剖、功能特点等有助于指导针灸治病的成果进行了集成与凝练，形成了现代针灸学的“非线性结构系”（三面）与“线性结构系”（三线网络）两大理论体系。针对现代针灸刺激点理论提出了基于神经、脉管、肌筋膜力线及激痛点、皮肤与肌肉及有关软组织的刺激点几个大类。最后，文中指出现代针灸学的构建必将与传统针灸学相互补充、相互促进，丰富其知识体系，从而推进针灸学的发展。.
Keywords: Knowledge system; Linear structure system; Modern acupuncture science; Nonlinear structure system; Theoretical system construction.