First profiling of the national Swiss Clinical Quality Management giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica registry

Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2026 Apr;44(4):808-817. doi: 10.55563/clinexprheumatol/yt7efd. Epub 2026 Apr 22.

Abstract

Objectives: To describe patient characteristics, comorbidities, diagnostic approaches, and treatment patterns in the Swiss giant cell arteritis (GCA) and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) registry.

Methods: In 2020, a national GCA and PMR cohort was established within the Swiss Clinical Quality Management (SCQM) in rheumatic diseases registry.

Results: Between August 2020 and June 2024, 436 patients were included (337 GCA, 99 PMR). Median age was 72 years (IQR 65-77) in GCA and 71 years (IQR 63-77) in PMR; 64% and 56% were female, respectively. At diagnosis, 81% of GCA patients reported cranial symptoms, 31% visual symptoms, and 43% polymyalgic symptoms. In PMR, 95% reported shoulder girdle pain, 85% pelvic girdle pain, and 44% neck pain. Ultrasound was the most used diagnostic modality in GCA (76%), followed by PET-CT (59%) and MRI (40%). Temporal artery biopsy was performed in 29% of GCA patients, with a positivity rate of 66%. Glucocorticoids were still used by 79%, 50%, and 37% of GCA patients at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. Steroid-sparing agents were prescribed in 77% of patients, most commonly tocilizumab (73%). Common comorbidities included hypertension (51% GCA, 44% PMR), diabetes (15% GCA, 12% PMR), and osteoporosis (26% GCA, 15% PMR).

Conclusions: The SCQM registry provides real-world data on the management of GCA-PMR spectrum disease (GPSD) patients. Imaging has largely replaced histology for GCA diagnosis. Despite 75% of GCA patients receiving tocilizumab, one-third remained on glucocorticoids beyond 2 years. Such registries are expected to optimise care for this often fragile GPSD population.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Biopsy
  • Comorbidity
  • Female
  • Giant Cell Arteritis* / diagnosis
  • Giant Cell Arteritis* / diagnostic imaging
  • Giant Cell Arteritis* / drug therapy
  • Giant Cell Arteritis* / epidemiology
  • Glucocorticoids / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Polymyalgia Rheumatica* / diagnosis
  • Polymyalgia Rheumatica* / drug therapy
  • Polymyalgia Rheumatica* / epidemiology
  • Registries
  • Switzerland / epidemiology

Substances

  • Glucocorticoids
  • tocilizumab
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized