Environmentally sustainable anaesthesia: a cross-sectional survey of anesthesiologists in teaching hospitals of Karachi, Pakistan

BMC Anesthesiol. 2026 Apr 30. doi: 10.1186/s12871-026-03842-8. Online ahead of print.

¹ Department of Anaesthesiology, The Aga Khan University, P.O Box 3500, Stadium Road, Sindh, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.
² Department of Anaesthesiology, The Aga Khan University, P.O Box 3500, Stadium Road, Sindh, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan. samie.asghar@aku.edu.
³ Jinnah Medical & Dental College, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
⁴ Ziauddin University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
⁵ Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
⁶ Fazaia Ruth Pfau Medical College, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
⁷ Patel Hospital, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.

No abstract available

Keywords: Environmental impact; Knowledge–practice gap; Low-middle income countries; Pakistan; Sustainable anaesthesia; WFSA consensus.