Controlled light intensity efficiently enhances micronutrient content and composition in chia sprouts

Food Chem. 2026 Jul 1:516:149376. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.149376. Epub 2026 Apr 26.

Abstract

Light-based biofortification can enhance the micronutrient content of sprouts under controlled environments. To evaluate the effect of light intensity and the light/dark phase on chia (Salvia hispanica), sprouts were grown in darkness for 3 days and then exposed to three light intensities (50, 100, and 150 μmol/m2/s) and two light/dark phases (12/12 h and constant light) for 48 h. Natural light and darkness were also assessed. Medium-intensity constant light was the optimal treatment for boosting micronutrients overall; it increased pro-vitamin A content by 4.5-fold compared to natural light (from 13.5 to 61.4 μg/g FW). Several minerals (copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, sulfur, and zinc) also increased (by between 1.5- and 1.3-fold) under this light regime. It was estimated that 137-176 g of biofortified chia sprouts may theoretically meet vitamin A requirements. This demonstrates that light intensity and phase differentially reshape chia micronutrients and provide a cost-effective approach for their optimization.

Keywords: Antioxidant vitamins; Chia (Salvia hispanica L.); Light intensity; Minerals; Pro-vitamin a; Sprouts; Β-Carotene.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Biofortification
  • Light
  • Micronutrients* / analysis
  • Micronutrients* / metabolism
  • Minerals / analysis
  • Minerals / metabolism
  • Salvia* / chemistry
  • Salvia* / growth & development
  • Salvia* / metabolism
  • Salvia* / radiation effects
  • Seedlings* / chemistry
  • Seedlings* / growth & development
  • Seedlings* / metabolism
  • Seedlings* / radiation effects

Substances

  • Micronutrients
  • Minerals