Case report of intracranial neuroendocrine carcinoma

Lisha Ren; Qianyong He; Weili Wu; Jinhua Long; Yuanyuan Li; Xiaoxiao Chen; Xiuyun Gong; Feng Jin; Xiuling Luo

doi:10.3389/fonc.2026.1776690

Case report of intracranial neuroendocrine carcinoma

Front Oncol. 2026 Apr 16:16:1776690. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1776690. eCollection 2026.

Authors

Lisha Ren^#^{1

2

3}, Qianyong He^#^{1

2

3}, Weili Wu^{1

2

3}, Jinhua Long^{1

2

3}, Yuanyuan Li^{1

2

3}, Xiaoxiao Chen², Xiuyun Gong², Feng Jin^{1

2

3}, Xiuling Luo^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
² Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
³ School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Intracranial neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is a highly uncommon malignancy, accounting for approximately 0.74% of cases. It is characterized by rapid infiltration and poor survival rates. This case report details a 51-year-old woman who presented with headaches. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) identified an enhancing lesion in the right temporal lobe, and the diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. The patient underwent surgical resection, followed by chemoradiotherapy for recurrence, and subsequent Gamma Knife radiosurgery combined with bevacizumab. Notably, she has achieved a postoperative survival exceeding four years to date. This report comprehensively describes the clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, multidisciplinary treatment course, and favorable outcome, highlighting the potential for prolonged survival with aggressive, multimodal management.

Keywords: case report; diagnosis; intracranial neuroendocrine carcinoma; outcome; treatment.

Publication types

Case Reports