Data on photosynthetic trend and yield performance of oat (Avena sativa L .) grown under vertical agrivoltaic system in Sweden

Giovanni Urso; Simone Coluccia; Davide Farruggia; Giuseppe Langella; Mario Licata; Michelina Ruocco; Torsten Hörndahl; Silvia Ma Lu; Arash Khosravi; Pietro Elia Campana

doi:10.1016/j.dib.2026.112777

Data on photosynthetic trend and yield performance of oat (Avena sativa L .) grown under vertical agrivoltaic system in Sweden

Data Brief. 2026 Apr 14:66:112777. doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2026.112777. eCollection 2026 Jun.

Authors

Giovanni Urso^{1

2}, Simone Coluccia^{3

4}, Davide Farruggia¹, Giuseppe Langella⁵, Mario Licata¹, Michelina Ruocco⁴, Torsten Hörndahl⁶, Silvia Ma Lu⁷, Arash Khosravi⁷, Pietro Elia Campana⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
² Greenable S.r.l., Palermo, Italy.
³ Department of Biological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
⁴ Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Portici, Italy.
⁵ Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
⁶ Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden.
⁷ Department of Engineering Sciences, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden.

Abstract

Growing crops under agrivoltaic (AV) systems often exposes them to a modified microclimate, which can affect yield and quality. A field experiment was carried out in 2025 on oat (Avena sativa L.) grown within a vertical AV system near Fellingsbro, Sweden. The aim of this study was to assess the growth and yield performance of oat relative to open-field reference conditions. The dataset allows analysis of oat growth by exploiting photosynthetic rate and leaf area index measurements, as well as yield performance at harvest, estimated as total biomass yield (kernel and straw combined). It also aims to explain the impact of vertical AV systems on oat photosynthetic rate, considering different positions within the system with varying shading patterns and sun exposure, and their impact on overall oat yield. These data provide insights into oat growth and yield under vertical AV systems and facilitate further analyses or comparisons across locations or AV system designs. Additionally, the dataset can support the development and validation of crop models under similar conditions and encourage collaborations to promote experimental studies on AV systems.

Keywords: Biomass yield; Crop growth; Leaf area index; Shading impact; Vertical bifacial agrivoltaic.