Development and Psychometric Validation of the Patients' Attitude Toward Male Nurses Scale

J Nurs Meas. 2026 May 11:JNM-2025-0189.R1. doi: 10.1891/JNM-2025-0189. Online ahead of print.

Abstract

Background and Purpose: Historically viewed as a female profession, nursing now includes more men, necessitating a tool to evaluate patient attitudes. This study aimed to develop a valid scale for this purpose. Methods: Psychometric testing involved 620 hospitalized patients in Ankara (2023). Exploratory (n = 320) and confirmatory (CFA; n = 300) factor analyses were conducted alongside item generation. Results: The analysis yielded a 21-item scale with three factors, namely, appreciation, refusal, and supporting, explaining 64.97% of the variance. CFA confirmed validity. Cronbach's α (>.70) and test-retest reliability (>.80) indicated high reliability. Conclusions: This valid and reliable scale enables the assessment of patient attitudes toward male nurses. It enables cross-cultural comparisons and helps nurse managers implement strategies to reduce gender prejudice and ensure inclusive work environments.

Keywords: male nurses; patients’ attitudes; scale development; validity–reliability.