Objective: To investigate the polymorphism and genotype frequency of HPA gene in platelet donors in Shenzhen area, and to explore its application in clinical platelet transfusion.
Methods: The blood samples of 461 platelet donors aged 18-55 years old were genotyped for HPA-1~6,-10,-15 and -21 using multiple fluorescent PCR. Platelet-specific antibodies were detected according to the instructions of PAKPLUS kit.
Results: The a and b alleles of HPA-3 and HPA-15 genes showed high frequency distribution, and their gene frequencies were HPA-3a (54.23%), HPA-3b (45.77%), HPA-15a(55.42%),HPA-15b(44.58%), respectively, and their dual antigen mismatch rate was the highest (37.32%, 37.20%). In HPA-21, the genotype distribution between male and female was statistically significantly different( P < 0.05). Among the patients with positive PAKPLUS test, 35.59% of patients were positive for platelet membrane glycoprotein antibody.
Conclusion: Some HPA antigens in Shenzhen area have high mismatch rates and significant regional differences. The investigation of HPA genes and antibodies diversity laid the foundation for establishing a local platelet donor and recipient HPA information database and addressing platelet alloimmunity issues.
题目: 深圳地区HPA抗原抗体多样性及其在血小板输注中的应用.
目的: 调查深圳地区血小板供者人群中HPA基因多态性及基因型频率，探讨其在临床血小板输注中的应用。.
方法: 采用多重荧光PCR方法对461名18-50周岁的单采血小板捐献者血样进行HPA-1~6、-10、-15、-21基因分型检测，血小板特异性抗体检测按PAKPLUS试剂盒说明书执行。.
结果: HPA-3和HPA-15基因的a和b等位基因均呈现高频分布，其基因频率分别为HPA-3a(54.23%)、HPA-3b(45.77%)、HPA-15a(55.42%)、HPA-15b(44.58%)，其对偶抗原不匹配率也最高，分别为37.32%和37.20%。在HPA-21中，男、女基因型分布差异具有统计学意义（ P < 0.05）。血小板抗体检测阳性患者中，血小板膜糖蛋白抗体阳性21例（35.59%）。.
结论: 深圳地区部分HPA抗原具有较高的不匹配率及明显地域差异，HPA抗原抗体多样性分析对建立地区血小板供受者HPA信息库，解决血小板不配合输注产生同种免疫的问题具有重要的意义。.
Keywords: platelet alloantigen; platelet transfusion refractoriness; multiple fluorescence PCR; polymorphism.