A survey of the prevalence of Papanicolaou (Pap) testing and of hysterectomy and a feasibility study were conducted in low-income communities with high rates of cervical cancer, identified by an analysis of mortality and case rates. Although about 90% of the women reported having had a Pap regular testing. For example, in the 5 years preceding the study (1971--75), about a quarter of the women had been tested only once and about a third not at all. No evidence of a secular change in hysterectomy prevalence in these communities was found.