The stoichiometry of the erythrocyte Mg2+ dependent Ca2+-stimulated ATPase has been determined in a reconstituted system. Purified Ca2+ ATPase was incorporated into calcium impermeable liposomes and the ATP dependent calcium uptake was determined simultaneously with the hydrolysis of ATP. The results indicate that 1 gram atom of calcium is transported for each gram molecule of ATP hydrolysed, i.e., an ATP/Ca2+-stoichiometry of 1.