Injection of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP), into the hemisected spinal cord of the rat, cat and monkey consistently resulted in the intense anterograde labeling of ascending spinal projections such as the spinothalamic tract and spinocerebellar tracts and their terminal fields. Injections of WGA-HRP in the dorsal column nuclei resulted in the anterograde labeling of the medial lemniscus and its terminal fields in the thalamus. Injection of similar amounts of horseradish peroxidase alone (HRP) in hemisected animals or the dorsal column nuclei resulted in little anterograde labeling. The rate of the anterograde transport of WGA-HRP in cut axons appears to be greater than 200 mm/day. Small amounts of transneuronal labeling appeared to occur after injection of WGA-HRP in both cut axons and undamaged cell bodies. These results suggest that the amount of anterograde labeling observed after injection of WGA-HRP into both cut axons and undamaged cell bodies is significantly greater than the anterograde labeling observed after injections of HRP alone. Therefore, in the central nervous system WGA-HRP appears to be a far more effective anterograde tracer than HRP alone.