The peroneal flap has many advantages, such as thin subcutaneous tissue, availability of a large-diameter artery and vein for anastomosis, a long pedicle, and freely designed size and shape. This technique is introduced because it has many outstanding features that allow it to be used to meet a variety of specific needs, such as a free peroneal flap, a peroneal island flap, a free vascularized fibular graft with skin, and a monitoring flap in free vascularized fibular grafts. We have found the peroneal flap to be especially useful.