Breast symptoms are a common finding in women with the premenstrual syndrome (PMS). The underlying endocrine pathophysiology of PMS and benign breast disease may be similar and possibly related. Endocrine theories concerning both disorders have been developed, and nutritional intervention can be of aid. In a double-blind study, breast symptoms of PMS were recorded before and after vitamin E or placebo was administered. A significant decrease (p less than 0.05) in some of the symptoms was noted.