The peroral pneumocolon examination is a method for obtaining a double-contrast image of the terminal ileum and right colon by insufflating air through a small catheter inserted into the rectum when orally ingested barium reaches the right colon. The examination is indicated if a detailed view of the ileocecal region is required, particularly when inflammatory bowel disease is suspected, when polyps are present in the right colon, or when patients are unable to tolerate barium enema studies.