Methodological aspects of anatomy and anthropology are discussed as systems of sciences in their formation. The base of these systems is the laws of materialist dialectics on the unity of the structure and function and on relation of the social to the biological as hierarchically highest form of the matter movement towards the lowest form. In this classification of the systems of anthropological and anatomical sciences a heliocentric principle is used. Tasks of the bordering sciences--anatomical anthropology are considered. Its task is to study forms and factors on anatomical changeability of the organism.