Effects of antiglaucoma drugs on ocular surface

Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 1995 Jun;73(3):246-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0420.1995.tb00277.x.

Abstract

Topical medications have a very important role in chronic glaucoma treatment. Long-term use of these medications can cause significant changes on ocular surfaces. In this study, the ocular surfaces of 20 control subjects (group I), 20 primary open-angle glaucoma patients (group II) treated (mean 21.20 +/- 1.32 months) with 0.50% timolol maleate, and 20 primary open-angle glaucoma patients (group III) treated (mean 21.70 +/- 1.34 months) with 0.50% timolol maleate + 1% dipivefrin hydrochloride were evaluated. Studied parameters included Schirmer's test, tear break-up time, conjunctiva impression cytology and goblet cell density. These results suggest that long-term applications of topical anti glaucoma medications damage the ocular surface.

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Topical
  • Adrenergic Agonists / administration & dosage
  • Adrenergic Agonists / adverse effects*
  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / administration & dosage
  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / adverse effects*
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Benzalkonium Compounds / administration & dosage
  • Cell Count
  • Conjunctiva / drug effects*
  • Conjunctiva / pathology
  • Cornea / drug effects
  • Cornea / pathology
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Epinephrine / administration & dosage
  • Epinephrine / adverse effects
  • Epinephrine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Epithelium / drug effects
  • Epithelium / pathology
  • Female
  • Glaucoma, Open-Angle / drug therapy*
  • Humans
  • Lacrimal Apparatus / drug effects
  • Lacrimal Apparatus / pathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Ophthalmic Solutions
  • Tears / metabolism
  • Timolol / administration & dosage
  • Timolol / adverse effects*

Substances

  • Adrenergic Agonists
  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
  • Benzalkonium Compounds
  • Ophthalmic Solutions
  • Timolol
  • dipivefrin
  • Epinephrine