Human respiratory tract has a rich innervation with nerve fibers. Presence and distribution of nerve elements labeled with protein gene product 9.5 (PGP) were studied in the lungs of children with bronchitis and bronchiectasis. Smooth myocytes, blood vessels and mixed glands of the walls of bronchi principales were surrounded with single PGP-positive nerve fibers in perichondrium grows smaller with age. Nerve fibers also surround lymph nodules of the bronchi principales mucosa. Small or medium number of them in nerve plexuses and surround basically blood vessels. As neuropeptide function in respiratory tract vary, they may be of certain importance in pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases. Morphological base of this suggestion was given.